![]() ![]() We investigated the mechanisms underlying the online-processing of phonological constraints using oddball fast-periodic visual stimulation coupled with EEG. The findings contribute to the ongoing discussion on sources of phonotactic knowledge, underlying a feature-based composition of clusters, and conflicting forces related to place and manner features in online processing and intuitive judgement. bilabial–velar, bilabial–palatal, dental–velar) involves the least cognitive effort, and lends support to the principle of the clarity of perception. Reaction times are the longest for medial distances, and the shortest for large distances. In turn, response latencies are facilitated by the place of articulation distances. First, it is shown that sonority and existence affect only accuracy rates, and do not contribute to the processing of word-edge phonotactics. The studies offer new data for Polish phonotactics, from which the following conclusions are drawn. For each experiment, two types of data were collected: accuracy rates and response latencies. The concept of distance is represented by the proximity of places of articulation on a scale bilabial – labio-dental – dental – alveolar – alveolo-palatal – palatal – velar. Well-formedness is associated with the sonority profile of CC clusters, which is either sonority-violating or sonority-obeying following the hierarchy: plosive–affricate–fricative–nasal–liquid–glide. Existence distinguishes between clusters which are part of the phonotactic inventory of Polish, and which are hypothetical. Two reaction time experiments explore the psycholinguistic reality of three factors: (1) existence, (2) well-formedness and (3) distance in word-initial clusters (Experiment 1) and in word-final clusters (Experiment 2). This chapter discusses the role of phonological principles in online processing of CC phonotactics in Polish. We discuss our results toward the overlooked role of phonological universals and the over-trusted role of statistical information during reading processes. Our results show that syllable location and segmentation in reading is early and automatically modulated by phonological sonority-related markedness in the absence or quasi-absence of statistical information and does not require acoustic-phonetic information. To address this question, we ran two tasks with 128 French adult skilled readers using two versions of the illusory conjunction paradigm (Task 1 without white noise Task 2 with white noise). Here, we investigate whether French adult skilled readers rely on universal phonological sonority-related markedness continuum across the syllable boundaries for segmentation (e.g., from marked, illegal intervocalic clusters /zl/ to unmarked, legal intervocalic clusters /lz/). Indeed, syllable-based effects could depend on more abstract, universal phonological constraints that rule and govern how letter and sound occur and co-occur, and readers could be sensitive to sonority-a universal phonological element-for processing (pseudo)words. Although these language-specific statistical properties are crucial, recent data suggest that studies that go all-in on phonological and orthographic regularities may be misguided in interpreting how-and why-readers locate syllable boundaries and segment clusters. Many studies focused on the letter and sound co-occurrences to account for the well-documented syllable-based effects in French in visual (pseudo)word processing. Potential sources of such knowledge and other alternatives to my proposal are also discussed. I present evidence for the knowledge of cluster well-formedness from speakers of languages like Cantonese where complex onsets are absent. When they perceive words with an sC cluster, their SMG assigns as syllabic. ![]() I propose that the Syllable Mapping Grammar (SMG), the syllable structure mapping component of the perception grammar, drives such variation: Cantonese speakers assign different phonological representations based on cluster well-formedness. ![]() The first half of this paper presents experimental evidence showing that variation is observed only when repairing different onset cluster types: there is vowel epenthesis for s + consonant (sC) clusters but deletion of the second consonant for other (OR) clusters. Different factors have been claimed to affect the choice of repair on English words with ill-formed Cantonese phonotactics in Cantonese loanword phonology.
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